2016
DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12200
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Crown group Oxyphotobacteria postdate the rise of oxygen

Abstract: The rise of oxygen ca. 2.3 billion years ago (Ga) is the most distinct environmental transition in Earth history. This event was enabled by the evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis in the ancestors of Cyanobacteria. However, long-standing questions concern the evolutionary timing of this metabolism, with conflicting answers spanning more than one billion years. Recently, knowledge of the Cyanobacteria phylum has expanded with the discovery of non-photosynthetic members, including a closely related sister group… Show more

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Cited by 184 publications

(207 citation statements)
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“…4 f and 5 ). This result is consistent with previous studies using different rationales, datasets and calibrations [ 11 , 12 ].…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 93%
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
“…4 f and 5 ). This result is consistent with previous studies using different rationales, datasets and calibrations [ 11 , 12 ].…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 93%
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
“…The span of time between Margulisbacteria and Cyanobacteria was found to be 0.67 Ga; and between Vampirovibrionia and Cyanobacteria 0.44 Ga (Figure 4f and 5). The latter is a value that is consistent with previous studies using entirely different rationales, datasets and calibrations [8, 9].…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 90%
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
“…Therefore, according to our clock L and M are evolving on average 4.7 times faster than D1 and D2. This result is nicely within the range suggested by the two independent studies referenced above and confirms that our approach using a single protein produced similar rates of evolution as those computed using a large set of highly conserved concatenated sequences (Magnabosco et al., ; Sanchez‐Baracaldo, ; Shih, Hemp et al., ).…”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 86%
“…This scenario, derived from the application of a relaxed molecular clock using a non‐parametric CAT model with flexible boundaries, is in agreement with the recent observations by Shih, Hemp et al. () and other molecular clock studies that placed the divergence of Gloeobacter after the GOE (David & Alm, ; Feng, Cho, & Doolittle, ; Marin, Battistuzzi, Brown, & Hedges, ). In this scenario, assuming that the earliest events in the history of photosynthesis started about 3.5 Ga, the divergence of D1 and D2 is set at about 3.2 Ga.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 90%
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.