Abstract:Photosystem
II
is a photochemical reaction center that catalyzes the light‐driven oxidation of water to molecular oxygen. Water oxidation is the distinctive photochemical reaction that permitted the evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis and the eventual rise of eukaryotes. At what point during the history of life an ancestral photosystem evolved the capacity to oxidize water still remains unknown. Here, we study the evolution of the core reaction center proteins of Photosystem
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“…This correlation was later revisited based on the extended analysis presented in ref. [ 19 ], in line with previous suggestions [ 52 ], and it is indeed not now supported by ASR analysis as further indicated in this work.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 87%
“…When taken on their own, their phylogenies are often interpreted as evidence of the earliest origin. We have shown here and in our previous work [ 19 ] that PSII has patterns of molecular evolution that closely parallel those of these most ancient systems. These patterns do not emerge from the application of any particular molecular clock approach or model of rate change, but from the inherently long phylogenetic distance that separates Alpha and Beta, archaeal and bacterial RNA polymerase and ribosomes, or the core subunits of PSII, in combination with the slow rates of evolution that these enzymes have featured through their multibillion-year diversification process.…”
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD).
Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD.
The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC).
Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD).
Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD.
The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC).
Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
“…This correlation was later revisited based on the extended analysis presented in ref. [ 19 ], in line with previous suggestions [ 52 ], and it is indeed not now supported by ASR analysis as further indicated in this work.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 87%
“…When taken on their own, their phylogenies are often interpreted as evidence of the earliest origin. We have shown here and in our previous work [ 19 ] that PSII has patterns of molecular evolution that closely parallel those of these most ancient systems. These patterns do not emerge from the application of any particular molecular clock approach or model of rate change, but from the inherently long phylogenetic distance that separates Alpha and Beta, archaeal and bacterial RNA polymerase and ribosomes, or the core subunits of PSII, in combination with the slow rates of evolution that these enzymes have featured through their multibillion-year diversification process.…”
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD).
Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD.
The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC).
Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD).
Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD.
The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC).
Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
“…This suggests that PSII may retain features of type I RCs no longer seen in the PbRC or other RC2 complexes, which use an independently evolved antenna system, LH1 (Yu et al 2018 ). These features shared by PSII and type I RCs are consistent with recent evidence suggesting an early origin of photosynthetic water oxidation (Cardona et al 2019 ; Jabłońska and Tawfik 2021 ). Fig.…”
Section: Comparison Of the Gsbrc To Other Rcssupporting
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD).
Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD.
The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC).
Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD).
Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD.
The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC).
Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
“…When taken on their own, their phylogenetic features are often interpreted as evidence of the earliest origin. We have shown in here and in our previous work [18] that PSII show patterns of molecular evolution that closely parallel those of these very ancient systems and independently of the exact time of origin of Cyanobacteria or their closest relatives. Therefore, it cannot be taken for granted that there was ever a long period of time between the origin of life and the origin of anoxygenic photosynthesis, followed by another long period of time between the origin of anoxygenic photosynthesis and the origin of oxygenic photosynthesis.…”
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD).
Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD.
The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC).
Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD).
Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD.
The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC).
Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
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