A decade of in-text citation analysis based on natural language processing and machine learning techniques: an overview of empirical studies

“…The citation behavior is arbitrary because the authors have the right to decide how to cite references. The research pointed out that less than 1/3 of the references in each article must be cited (Iqbal et al 2021), which also confirms the randomness of citing behavior in the process of writing the paper. The arbitrariness also brings opportunities for academic misconduct.…”

“…In a nutshell, this study highlights the importance of all three levels of dynamism in organizations, from the Micro-level (habits and cognitive styles of decision-makers), and the Meso level (referring to interpersonal relations) to the Macro level (concerning resource orchestration) [20]. All of the mentioned levels are interconnected and could contribute to enhancing the information processing and communication within the organization, by tapping the power of big data tools and technologies coupled with natural language processing [21][22][23] and advance deep learning methods [24][25][26], resulting in better, faster, and more informed decisions in data-intensive and dynamic environments.…”

“…Figure 9 further investigates the impact of (␣, ␤) on the Voronoi average distance. The range of (␣, ␤) varies from (1,1) to (1,6). We intend to observe two brackets with overlapping citation, and the variation in distance between the overlapping citation and the Voronoi edge formed by the two brackets.…”