Structural spine plasticity: Learning and forgetting of odor-specific subnetworks in the olfactory bulb

Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.

“…However, at that point they can re-acquire that memory faster than they had learned it initially Sultan et al (2010 ). This is consistent with the relevant synaptic connections being lost, reflecting the strong spontaneous formation and removal of GC spines Sailor et al (2016); Meng and Riecke (2022 ), while the relevant GCs are still present and provide - through their stable dendrites Mizrahi (2007); Sailor et al (2016 ) - a latent memory that can quickly be reactivated by reforming the relevant synapses. While experiments have shown that cortical feedback and neuromodulation in response to different environmental or behavioral states may provide an apoptotic signal Yokoyama et al (2011); Komano-Inoue et al (2014 ), what precisely controls the survival of GCs is not quite clear.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Adult Neurogenesis Reconciles Flexibility and Stability of Olfactory Perceptual Memory

Sakelaris

¹

,

Riecke

²

2024

Preprint

Self Cite

Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.

“…However, at that point, they can re-acquire that memory faster than they had learned it initially ( Sultan et al, 2010 ). This is consistent with the relevant synaptic connections being lost, reflecting the strong spontaneous formation and removal of GC spines ( Sailor et al, 2016 ; Meng and Riecke, 2022 ), while the relevant GCs are still present and provide - through their stable dendrites ( Mizrahi, 2007 ; Sailor et al, 2016 ) - a latent memory that can quickly be reactivated by reforming the relevant synapses.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Experiments have demonstrated that adult neurogenesis is necessary for this learning ( Moreno et al, 2009 ; Li et al, 2018 ), and computational modeling provides some understanding of the underlying mechanisms ( Chow et al, 2012 ; Adams et al, 2019 ; Shani-Narkiss et al, 2020 ; Kersen et al, 2022 ). However, these behavioral observations could also be explained by synaptic plasticity alone ( Sailor et al, 2016 ; Meng and Riecke, 2022 ). What, then, is the purpose of adding large numbers of new neurons?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adult neurogenesis reconciles flexibility and stability of olfactory perceptual memory

Sakelaris

¹

,

Riecke

²

2025

Elife

Self Cite

Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.

“…where A and B denote two different stimulus conditions. With this formulation, the Fisher information can be interpreted as the discriminability of an optimal linear decoder [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Discriminability is quantified using a form of the Fisher information metric [14], specifically the squared d-prime, summed across neurons: where A and B denote two different stimulus conditions. With this formulation, the Fisher information can be interpreted as the discriminability of an optimal linear decoder [40].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global error signal guides local optimization in mismatch calculation

Meng

¹

,

Wang

²

2025

Preprint

Self Cite

1

Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.