Spitzer mid-infrared detections of neutron star merger GW170817 suggests synthesis of the heaviest elements

Kasliwal, M. M.; Kasen, Daniel; Lau, Ryan M.; Perley, D. A.; Rosswog, Stephan; Ofek, E. O.; Hotokezaka, Kenta; Chary, Ranga‐Ram; Sollerman, J.; Goobar, A.; Kaplan, D. L.

doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slz007

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters

2019

DOI: 10.1093/mnrasl/slz007

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Spitzer mid-infrared detections of neutron star merger GW170817 suggests synthesis of the heaviest elements

M. M. Kasliwal

¹

,

Daniel Kasen

²

,

Ryan M. Lau

³

et al.

Abstract: We report our Spitzer Space Telescope observations and detections of the binary neutron star merger GW170817. At 4.5µm, GW170817 is detected at 21.9 mag AB at +43 days and 23.9 mag AB at +74 days after merger. At 3.6µm, GW170817 is not detected to a limit of 23.2 mag AB at +43 days and 23.1 mag AB at +74 days. Our detections constitute the latest and reddest constraints on the kilonova/macronova emission and composition of heavy elements. The 4.5µm luminosity at this late phase cannot be explained by elements … Show more

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Cited by 124 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…27 . Furthermore, the late-time mid-infrared emission and colours are consistent with those observed with AT2017gfo with Spitzer 24 . These similarities further strengthen both the kilonova interpretation and the redshift measurement of GRB 230307A (Fig.…”

Section: Mainsupporting

confidence: 84%

Heavy-element production in a compact object merger observed by JWST

Jernberg¹

2023

Nature

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Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.

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“…27 . Furthermore, the late-time mid-infrared emission and colours are consistent with those observed with AT2017gfo with Spitzer 24 . These similarities further strengthen both the kilonova interpretation and the redshift measurement of GRB 230307A (Fig.…”

Section: Mainsupporting

confidence: 84%

Heavy-element production in a compact object merger observed by JWST

Jernberg¹

2023

Nature

Self Cite

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Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.

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“…We assume the radioactivity of 𝑟-process nuclei as the source of heat and ionization. Note that the light curve of the GW170817 kilonova is consistent with the picture that 𝛽-decay of 𝑟-process nuclei predominantly heats the ejecta material over the time scales from 0.5 to 70 day (e.g., Kasliwal et al 2019) 1 . In the nebular phase, the ejecta is optically thin for 𝛾-rays, and hence, we consider only 𝛽-decay electrons.…”

Section: Time Scale Radioactive Heat and Ionizationsupporting

confidence: 79%

Nebular Emission from Lanthanide-rich Ejecta of Neutron Star Merger

Hotokezaka,

Tanaka,

Kato

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.

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“…The red line shows the simple power-law heating q ∼ 10 10 erg g −1 s −1 (t/1 day) −1.3 . The black dot with an error bar is the heating rate at t=43 day obtained by Kasliwal et al (2019) using the mid-infrared observations by Spitzer, which are consistent with the heating rates shown by the red lines. Since the current X-ray light curve suggests the super-Eddington phase, the halting time has not likely been reached yet.…”

Section: X-ray Light Curve Of the Fallback Accretion In Bns Mergersupporting

confidence: 78%

Fallback Accretion Model for the Years-to-Decades X-ray Counterpart to GW170817

Ishizaki,

Ioka,

Kiuchi

2021

Preprint

Get access via publisher Add to dashboard Cite

Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.

show abstract

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